26 records · 5 briefs · 3 study guides

Aerospace credentials, codes & rules.

What you must hold to practice, what employers ask for, which codes you design to, and which regulators can stop a launch — with the prerequisites, renewal cycle and issuing body for each.

2Licenses to practice
9Certifications
10Standards
7Regulations

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Study guides & compliance briefs.

Study guide · 14 min FAA Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) Mechanic Certificate — Advanced Study Guide

Credential: FAA Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) Mechanic Certificate (ratings: Airframe, Powerplant) Issuing body: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), United States Juri…

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Study guide · 13 min Aerospace — Good to Know: Rules of Thumb, Standards Mastery, and Veteran Knowledge

This companion covers everything in the Aerospace catalogue that does not get a standalone study guide: the standard-practice and niche credentials, the flagship standard…

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Study guide · 2 min Aerospace — Credential Landscape and Study Guide Index

Aerospace is the discipline where the approval system matters more than the practitioner license . In the United States, nobody needs a PE to design an airplane — the FAA…

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Compliance brief · 5 min FAA 14 CFR Part 25 — Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes

Issuing body / enforcer: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), U.S. Department of Transportation. Jurisdiction: United States. Part 25 is the airworthiness code for type…

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Compliance brief · 4 min FAA 14 CFR Part 450 — Streamlined Launch and Reentry License Requirements

Issuing body / enforcer: FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST). Jurisdiction: United States — any commercial launch or reentry conducted from US territory, …

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Compliance brief · 5 min RTCA DO-178C / EUROCAE ED-12C — Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification

Issuing body: RTCA, Inc. (jointly with EUROCAE as ED-12C — technically identical documents). Recognised by: FAA via Advisory Circular AC 20-115D; EASA via AMC 20-115D. Th…

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Compliance brief · 3 min SAE ARP4754B / EUROCAE ED-79B — Guidelines for Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems

Issuing body: SAE International (jointly with EUROCAE as ED-79B). Recognised by: FAA via AC 20-174; EASA via AMC 20-174. Invoked through applicant certification plans as …

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Compliance brief · 3 min SAE ARP4761A / EUROCAE ED-135 — Guidelines for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process

Issuing body: SAE International (jointly with EUROCAE as ED-135). Recognised by: FAA via AC 25.1309-1A (Arsenic) lineage and project certification plans; EASA via AMC 25.…

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Certification INCOSE Associate Systems Engineering Professional (ASEP) INCOSE (International Council on Systems Engineering) · International · entry

Requires: Pass the INCOSE systems engineering knowledge exam (SE Handbook-based); typically <5 years SE experience

Renewal: 3 years (renewal with fee and PDUs/CEUs)

Certification INCOSE Certified Systems Engineering Professional (CSEP) INCOSE (International Council on Systems Engineering) · International · professional

Requires: Technical bachelor's degree (or experience substitution); at least 60 months of SE professional experience including 12 months in each of 3 SE areas; pass knowledge exam; 3 colleague references

Renewal: 3 years (renewal documentation + fee every 3 years)

Certification INCOSE Expert Systems Engineering Professional (ESEP) INCOSE (International Council on Systems Engineering) · International · expert

Requires: Extensive senior SE experience (~20+ years per INCOSE materials; some guides say 25) including leadership/management roles; demonstrated contributions to the SE community; knowledge exam if not already passed for CSEP; reference-based assessment

Renewal: 3 years (renewal with fee and evidence)

Certification · license to practice FAA Airframe and Powerplant (A&P) Mechanic Certificate Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) · United States · technician

Requires: Age 18+; read/write/speak English; 18 months practical experience (single rating) or 30 months concurrent (both ratings), OR graduate of FAA-approved Part 147 AMTS, OR military JSAMTCC training; pass General + Airframe and/or Powerplant knowledge tests, plus o

Renewal: Certificate does not expire, but 14 CFR 65.83 requires currency to exercise privileges: within preceding 24 months, at l

Certification FAA Designated Engineering Representative (DER) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) - delegated designee program · United States · expert

Requires: Application demonstrating extensive engineering experience and recognized expertise in the delegated technical discipline (structures, systems, software, flight test, etc.); qualified technical background typically a degree plus years of certification experien

Renewal: Appointments reviewed/reissued periodically by the managing FAA office (annual cycles typical) - estimated

Certification · license to practice Professional Engineer (PE) license for aerospace practice State licensing boards (e.g. California BPELSG) via NCEES exams · United States · professional

Requires: There is NO aeronautical/aerospace PE exam and no state issues an 'Aerospace PE'. Aerospace engineers seeking licensure typically sit the PE Mechanical (or Electrical/Civil-Structural) exam: ABET-accredited degree, pass FE, 4 years progressive experience, pass

Renewal: Biennial renewal with PDH continuing-education hours (varies by state)

Certification · flagship Chartered Engineer (CEng) via the Royal Aeronautical Society Royal Aeronautical Society (RAeS), licensed institution of the UK Engineering Council · United Kingdom (internationally recognised) · accredited

Requires: RAeS membership at MRAeS/FRAeS grade; accredited integrated MEng or accredited BEng(Hons) plus MSc-level further learning (or demonstrated equivalent); UK-SPEC competence evidence across Standards A-E; Professional Review Interview

Renewal: Annual registration fee + maintained CPD record (UK-SPEC) - estimated

Certification Project Management Professional (PMP) Project Management Institute (PMI) · International · professional

Requires: Four qualifying paths: bachelor's + 36 months leading projects, OR associate/higher-cert + 48 months, OR secondary school + 60 months, OR GAC-accredited degree + 24 months; plus 35 contact hours of PM education; experience within last 10 years; pass the PMP ex

Renewal: 3-year cycle: 60 PDUs + renewal fee

Certification ASQ Certified Quality Engineer (CQE) American Society for Quality (ASQ) · International · professional

Requires: 8 years of on-the-job experience in the CQE body of knowledge with at least 3 years in a decision-making position; degree waivers (bachelor's waives 4 years, master's/doctorate 5); pass 175-question computer-based exam (score 550/750)

Renewal: Recertification every 3 years (PDUs) or re-exam

Standard · flagship RTCA DO-178C / EUROCAE ED-12C - Software Considerations in Airborne Systems and Equipment Certification RTCA (jointly with EUROCAE) · International (accepted by FAA via AC 20-115D, EASA via AMC 20-115D) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by program certification plan

Renewal: N/A (process standard; document revisions apply to new programs)

Standard RTCA DO-254 / EUROCAE ED-80 - Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware RTCA (jointly with EUROCAE) · International (accepted by FAA via AC 20-152A) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by program certification plan

Renewal: N/A (process standard)

Standard · flagship SAE ARP4754A - Guidelines for Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems SAE International · International · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by program development plan

Renewal: N/A (guideline; note ARP4754B published 20 Dec 2023 to align with ARP4761A)

Standard · flagship SAE ARP4761 - Guidelines and Methods for Conducting the Safety Assessment Process on Civil Airborne Systems and Equipment SAE International · International · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by program safety plan

Renewal: N/A (guideline; note ARP4761A published December 2023)

Standard AS9100D - Quality Management Systems: Requirements for Aviation, Space, and Defense Organizations SAE International / IAQG (International Aerospace Quality Group) · International (EN 9100 Europe, JISQ 9100 Japan equivalents) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites; organizations audited by accredited certification bodies (OEM supplier requirement)

Renewal: Certification maintained via annual/surveillance audits, recertification every 3 years - estimated

Standard NASA-STD-8719 series - NASA Safety Standards NASA · United States (NASA programs; invoked contractually for contractors) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by NASA contract/SOW

Renewal: N/A (standard; series members e.g. 8719.13 Software Safety)

Standard NASA-STD-5001 - Structural Design and Test Factors of Safety for Spaceflight Hardware NASA · United States (NASA programs; de facto industry reference) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - invoked by program structural requirements

Renewal: N/A (standard; current NASA-STD-5001B with Change 3, Oct 2022)

Standard ECSS standards system - European space standards European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS), secretariat at ESA-ESTEC · Europe (ESA programs; required for ESA contracts) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - tailored/applied per ESA project

Renewal: N/A (standards system; ~144 active standards per recent count)

Standard MIL-STD-810 - Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests U.S. Department of Defense · United States (DoD programs; widely used commercially) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - test methods selected/tailored per program

Renewal: N/A (test-method standard; current MIL-STD-810H Change 1, May 2022)

Standard MIL-STD-461 - Requirements for the Control of Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics of Subsystems and Equipment U.S. Department of Defense · United States (DoD programs; de facto EMI baseline) · standard-practice

Requires: No individual prerequisites - emission/susceptibility requirements selected per platform

Renewal: N/A (interface standard; current MIL-STD-461G, Dec 2015)

Regulation · flagship FAA 14 CFR Part 25 - Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) · United States · n/a

Requires: Applies to manufacturers/design holders seeking type certificates (via 14 CFR Part 21 certification procedures); engineers demonstrate compliance, not personal licensing

Renewal: N/A (regulation; continuously amended)

Regulation FAA 14 CFR Part 21 - Certification Procedures for Products and Articles Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) · United States · n/a

Requires: Applicants for type certificates, supplemental type certificates (STC), PMAs, TSOs

Renewal: N/A (regulation)

Regulation · flagship EASA Part 21 - Airworthiness and Environmental Certification European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) under EU Basic Regulation 2018/1139 · EU / EASA member states · n/a

Requires: Design organisations must hold a Design Organisation Approval (DOA, Subpart J) or use agreed Alternative Procedures (APDOA) to show capability per 21.A.14; production via Production Organisation Approval (POA, Subpart G)

Renewal: N/A (regulation; DOA/POA approvals subject to continued oversight)

Regulation · flagship ITAR - International Traffic in Arms Regulations (22 CFR 120-130) U.S. Department of State, Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC) · United States (extraterritorial effect on technical data) · n/a

Requires: Manufacturers/exporters of defense articles and defense services on the U.S. Munitions List (USML) must register with DDTC and obtain licenses/authorizations (including Technical Assistance Agreements for sharing technical data)

Renewal: DDTC registration annual; licenses per transaction/agreement

Regulation · flagship EAR - Export Administration Regulations (15 CFR 730-774) U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) · United States (extraterritorial via re-export controls) · n/a

Requires: Exporters of dual-use/commercial items on the Commerce Control List (CCL) check ECCN, destination, end-user/end-use and obtain BIS licenses where required; commodity-classification or jurisdiction determination where ambiguous

Renewal: Licenses per transaction; compliance programs ongoing

Regulation · flagship FAA AST 14 CFR Part 450 - Streamlined Launch and Reentry License Requirements FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation (AST) · United States · n/a

Requires: Operators need a Vehicle Operator License (vehicle class + mission profile, up to 5 years, renewable), Mission-Specific License (single operation), or Experimental Permit (R&D, non-revenue, up to 1 year)

Renewal: Vehicle Operator License up to 5 years, renewable; mission-specific per operation

Regulation NASA program safety and human-rating requirements for contractors (NPR 8715.3 / NPR 8705.2 / NPR 8715.5) NASA · United States (NASA contractors via contract flow-down) · n/a

Requires: Contractors must comply with safety provisions in their contractual agreements - NASA project managers verify contractor operations/designs against them

Renewal: N/A (ongoing via contract; SMA audits per NPR 8705.6)

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